Thursday, February 1, 2018

CHEM 418 Nuclear Chemistry, Winter 2018: Lecture 9 Nuclear Reactions

The lecture on nuclear reactions is presented in two parts. Nuclear reaction notation is introduced. The role of energetics in nuclear reactions is discussed and evaluated, including Q value, reaction barriers, and threshold energy. Center of mass and laboratory frames are discussed. The different processes involved in the formation of isotopes is provided including photonuclear processes. Reaction energetics, mechanisms and types are described. Nuclear reaction cross sections are described, with a presentation on values and limits given. This includes role of angular momentum in cross section values. The stellar production of elements is presented in terms of nuclear reactions. These provide the basis for understanding the formation of isotopes in stars. Part one is 27 minutes, part 2 is 36 minutes.
The lecture is assigned on Tuesday 30 January 2018 and due Sunday 4 February 2018. The answers to the Lecture 9 PDF quiz will be posted Sunday 5 February 2017.

28 comments:

  1. lecture 9 reviewed and quiz 9 emailed

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  2. Lecture 9 reviewed and the pdf quiz has been submitted. I was a bit confused on question 2, aren't both 208Pb(12C,23F)197Au and 206Pb(6Li,15C)197Au correct nuclear reactions?

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    1. But I don't think 15C is an isotope that you can use since it has a really short half life.

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    2. The 15C is a reaction product, so I can occur as part of the reaction. It would be difficult, but not impossible, to use it as a projectile. You can review radioactive beams. (https://scholars.opb.msu.edu/en/publications/a-gas-jet-target-for-radioactive-ion-beam-experiments-4)

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    3. both the reactions listed above are correct.

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  3. I have submitted the quiz via email and watched the lecture.

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  4. Lecture reviewed and quiz submitted.

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  5. lecture 9 reviewed and quiz submitted

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  6. Quiz was completed and submitted via email.

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  7. Lecture reviewed and quiz emailed.

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  8. lecture viewed and quiz submitted on canvas.

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  9. lecture seen and quiz emailed

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  10. Hello!

    Lecture 9 viewed and submitted. But I had a few questions about the lecture.

    In lecture 9 part 1 you say "reaction energies so large a change in mass is observable." I don't really understand what this means? As in there is a mass difference between 17-O+p and 15-N + 2-He? Does Energy "have mass" or can it just be "converted to mass"? If there is somewhere to read about this that I missed I'd be grateful to be pointed in the right direction!

    As always, thank you for your time;
    -Sarah

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    1. The relationship between mass and energy is E=mc^2. In nuclear reactions the amount of energy released is so large that mass changes can be observed. The best example is the annihilation that occurs from a electron-positron interaction. All the mass of the particles is converted to energy.

      From the equation E=mc^2, energy can be a manifestation of mass.

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  11. Lecture 9 reviewed and quiz submitted on canvas.

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  12. I have reviewed lecture 9 and submitted quiz 9 by email.

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  13. Lecture reviewed and quiz submitted.

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  14. Lecture done, quiz done

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  15. I've reviewed lecture 9 and submitted the quiz

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  16. Lecture 9 reviewed and quiz submitted via email.

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  17. Lecture 9 reviewed and quiz submitted through canvas

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  18. Lecture done and quiz completed. I was unsure about where in the videos you talked about the things that were asked of in question 3. There are also a few dead links that you posted for the lecture as well.

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    1. I will fix the dead links, sorry about that.

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    2. Answers to question 3 are in a number of parts of the lecture. The figure is described on slides 23 and 24. The compound nucleus reactions are given on slide 23. Measurement of radii are from scattering reactions, which are introduced in lecture 2 page 19. I understand this is not directly from the current lecture. The highest energy would be related to the highest Coulomb interaction, which is discussed in barriers for charged particles, page 12 of lecture 9.

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  19. Lecture viewed and quiz submitted via email.

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  20. Lecture reviewed and quiz submitted via canvas

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  21. Sorry for posting late.
    Quiz was submitted on time. Ryan Cheung

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  22. many thanks for the comments and pdf quizzes!

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